D: How did you go about re-writing the 76 script then?
Tom:

When Dick and I sat down and started to talk about it, Dick said "If can make the love story work between the guy and the girl, Superman and Lois, we can get the audience to root for these kids to get together, then we got the movie and I know you can write the Lex Luthor stuff etc.". And we have to make the growing up in Smallville emotional and we have to make Krypton emotional. Write it like it is happening.

It's no accident that the first line of the movie is "This is no fantasy, no careless product of wild imagination." I know that because I only saw it the other day. But I did that on purpose. There was a two page scene in the script as it existed, it was the balcony scene and it was played for comedy. And I expanded it to six or seven pages, which was used as the screen test scene; the interview and then he takes her flying. I called Dick up and told him that he ends up taking her flying; he said, "That's the picture - that's the picture." You've got the romance and on purpose I wrote the line about Peter Pan -- meaning this is real, obviously it's not real if you're sitting in the audience but we kept harping back to the fact that it's really happening.

D: Reading the scripts again, what I thought you did the best on the first one was restructuring and slicing the fat off it.
Tom: Yeah, that was the number one thing because the scripts were unfilmable. And then trying to change the tone and then certain things that became key scenes like Brando's long speech to his son when he puts him the capsule, which is 100% mine, and father becomes the son, the son the father, which they used in the new one.

The illusion is that God sends Christ to Earth. I was telling my students yesterday whilst watching Brando, a film directed by my father, Julius Caesar, and it was first time he had done Shakespeare in his life, and never even done it in class. He won the British Academy award and, as my father said, "The Brits would rather slit their throats than give an award to an American - their Oscar for Shakespeare."

When we were going over the speech (soliloquy to baby Kal-El), Marlon and I, there was this very funny thing, Shakespeare wrote in iambic pentameter and we got to the line, they could be good people Kal-El, if they wish to be. They only lack the light to show the way. Marlon says "That's iambic pentameter." I said "What?" He said, "They only lack the light to show the way," I said, "Son of a gun", I didn't mean to, but the fact that an actor could remember after 26 years, he never played Shakespeare again, I mean Julius Caesar was in 53 and this is 1978, I couldn't believe it.

D: The Superman 2 script, you pretty much revised everything.
Tom: Yeah.
D: I mean all due respect to the Newmans, the Superman 2 script they wrote [1976] was pretty bad.
Tom: Yeah, Bob Benton is a friend of mine, David Newman is no longer with us and I don't know Leslie Newman.

Bob Benton's one of the great screenwriters of all time and again, disastrous casting for this. If you look at Kramer vs Kramer or Places in the Heart, the guy who wrote that has got no business writing Superman. I called him up before I went on it and asked "If he had any objections," because he is a very good friend of mine and he said, "I have absolutely no emotional attachment to the script at all, please go on, you'd be great. Right up your ally."

D: He only worked on the first one because he was working…
Tom: Oh yeah, he was already writing and directing. And yeah, again bad casting, Bob Benton is a multi Oscar winner, and deserves to be, but this is not his kind of material.
D: How come you didn't get screenplay credit?
Tom: What happened was that I got on it with Dick, and it was well known that there were disagreements between the Salkinds and Dick from the very start, obviously they [Salkinds] fired him, the first time in the man's career, and for making a hit picture! From the very beginning there was no producer that was a film-maker that was on the picture. The Salkinds, and I give them full credit for the idea to do Superman when Warners owned the thing and didn't think it was such a good idea (they had a negative pick-up on it), but the producers were more impresarios, promoters, people who could sell things; they weren't film-makers in that way. I already produced films, I'd been assistant director, written films and Dick and I were close friends.

From the moment I came on the film we did a lot of the casting together, we looked at every test together, we picked locations together and I was on that film for well over a year, and at the end of my service on the film, finally, before Superman became a way of life, Dick said that I think you deserve a separate credit on the main titles, you've done so much than write the pictures and I said, "Thank you, I'd love to have one," even if it means giving up residuals because of the year of my life or more that I put in, and it was a very strange thing, because the title "Creative Consultant" had never been on a movie before in the main title like that and because there was, and I was completely unaware of it, such a hurry to finish the picture in time. I mean Deluxe was flying prints out two weeks before opening, I had no idea my name was coming after the writers, which is a total no-no.

The WGA, DGA and everyone else, they say "Writer, Producer and Director." You don't put a writer with another title after the writers, it's just not done and the Writers Guild sued me, in the sense that they called me to a hearing with the head of the guild and everyone else, including Warner Bros. legal department. I showed them thirteen round trips to London after I finished writing - then it was the editing, the scoring, and I said that it really reflects what I did and I'm so sorry about the placement of it because I didn't know that was where they were gonna put it there and they said, "Fine, but in Superman II we'd like to correct it, it should come before the writers", which is what happened. That's how that credit came and subsequently outlawed by the Writer's Guild. It's called the 'Tom Mankiewicz rule'. Informally, there's no such thing as a separate title called "Creative Consultant" anymore.

And like the Clint Eastwood rule under the DGA, he fired the director on Josey Wales after two days and took over. You can fire a director if you want to but nobody from the production can take over the direction, and that stops the producer becoming the director, the actor and everyone else, you just have to hire an outsider. That's called the Clint Eastwood rule. There are certain informal rules…

D:: They should apply that to the Whitehouse
Tom: Yeah, that's another for another day [everyone laughs]

 


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